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Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) of Maternal and Child Healthcare services in India from 1992-93 to 2015-16.

Gulshan Kumar, International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS)
Reshmi R.S., International Institute for Population Sciences

Despite improvement in maternal and child health in India, huge inequality exists in terms of service coverage between states and districts. We apply the exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) technique to find out unserved and lagging states and districts of India in terms of maternal and child health (MCH) service coverage. We utilized all four rounds of National Family Health Survey data to determine progress in using MCH indicators at three administrative levels. Descriptive statistics, exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA), mapping at the district level, spatial autocorrelation, and local indicator for spatial association (LISA) are used. Considering the continuum care of MCH, we use six indicators such as four or four-plus ANC coverage, Institutional delivery, modern contraceptive use, full immunization, childhood illness treatment, and postnatal care in this study. Overall, coverage of MCH indicator has improved from 1992-93 to 2015-16. However, full immunization in the western region of India has been reduced, especially in Maharashtra state. Results from exploratory analysis and spatial analysis revealed that the lowest coverage of MCH indicator was found in the northeastern and eastern parts of India. However, states such as Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Goa, and Punjab were better positioned in terms of MCH service coverage.

Keywords: Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights, Spatial dependence/heterogeneity, Inequality, Spatial analysis/regression

See extended abstract.

  Presented in Session P14.